Composição da flora de diatomáceas epilíticas de um rio subtropical, sul do Brasil.
Palavras-chave:
água doce, taxonomia, novas espécies, Nupela, SurirellaResumo
Com o objetivo de estudar a flora das diatomáceas epilíticas do Rio Pardinho, sul do Brasil, foram coletadas amostras de diatomáceas epilíticas em cinco pontos de amostragem ao longo do rio durante um ciclo anual (agosto de 2001 a julho 2002). Foram identificadas 99 espécies, distribuídas em 23 famílias e 41 gêneros. As famílias mais representativas foram Naviculaceae (14 táxons), Gomphonemataceae (10) and Bacillariaceae (10). Os gêneros mais ricos em espécies foram Gomphonema Ehrenberg, Navicula Bory, Eunotia Ehrenberg and Nitzschia Hassal. Duas novas espécies são propostas (Nupela pardinhoensis Bes, Torgan & Ector and Surirella bouillonii Bes, Ector & Torgan). Além dos dados morfométricos de cada espécie, também são apresentadas 234 fotomicrografias em LM e MEV.Downloads
Referências
APHA, 1992. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
Bruder, K. & Medlin, L.K. 2008. Morphological and molecular investigations of Naviculoid diatoms. II – Selected genera and families. Diatom Research, 23 (2): 283-329.
Buselato, T.C. & Aguiar, L. 1979. Callegaro, V.L.M., Silva, K.R.L.M. & Salomoni, S.E. 1993. Flora diatomológica de ambientes lênticos e lóticos do Parque Florestal Estadual do Turvo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 43: 89-134.
Compère, P. 1982. Taxonomic revision of the diatoms genus Pleurosira (Eupodiscaceae). Bacillaria, 5: 165-190.
______. 2000. Ulnaria (Kützing) Compère, a new genus name for Fragilaria subgen. Alterasynedra Lange-Bertalot with comments on the typification of Synedra Ehrenberg. In Lange-Bertalot-Festschrift, Studies on Diatoms (R. Jahn et al., eds.). Gantner Verlag, Königstein, p. 97-101.
Fabri, R. & Leclercq, L. 1984. Etude écologique des rivières du nord du massif Ardennais (Belgique): flore et végétation de diatomées et physico-chimie des eaux. 1. Contexte mésologique. Méthodes. Analyses physico-chimiques. Synthèse taxonomique, écologique et floristique. Iconographie. Bibliographie. Robertville, Stat. Scient. Hautes Fagnes. 379 p.
Graeff, C.L. & Kociolek, J.P. 2011. Investigations of the Frustulia weinholdii species complex with description of three new species, F. capitata, F. latita, and F. soror from South Carolina and Hawaii. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 161: 43-59.
Hustedt, F. 1945. Diatomeen aus Seen und Quellgebieten der Balkan-Halbinsel. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 40: 867-973.
Kobayasi, H. & Mayama, S. 1982. Most pollution-tolerant diatoms of severely polluted rivers in the vicinity of Tokyo. Japanese Journal of Phycology, 30: 188-196.
Krammer, K. 1997. Die cymbelloiden Diatomeen. Eine Monographie der weltweit bekannten Taxa. Teil 1. Allgemeines und Encyonema Part. In: Bibliotheca Diatomologica (H.Lange-Bertalot & P. Kociolek, eds.). J. Cramer, Stuttgart, v. 36, 382 p.
______. 2000. Diatoms of Europe. Diatoms of the European Inland Waters and Comparable Habitats: The Genus Pinnularia (H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, v. 1, 703 p.
______. 2003. Diatoms of Europe. Diatoms of the European Inland Waters and Comparable Habitats: Cymbopleura, Delicata, Navicymbula, Gomphocymbellopsis, Afrocymbella (H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, v. 4, 530 p.
Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot H. 1986. Bacillariophyceae. 1. Teil: Naviculaceae. In Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa (H. Ettl et al., eds). Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart, 876 p.
______. 1988. Bacillariophyceae 2. Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae. In Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa (H. Ettl et al., eds). Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart, 596 p.
______. 1991a. Bacillariophyceae 3. Teil: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae. In Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. (H. Ettl et al., eds). Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart, 576 p.
______. 1991b. Bacillariophyceae 4. Teil: Achnanthaceae. Kritische Ergänzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema. Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis Teil 1-4. In Süßwasserfloravon Mitteleuropa (H. Ettl et al., eds). Gustav Fisher Verlag,Stuttgart, 437 p.
______. 2004. Bacillariophyceae 4. Teil: Achnanthaceae, Kritische Erganzungen zu Achnanthes s.l. Navicula s. str. Gomphonema Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis Teil 1-4.
Ergänzter Nachdruck. In Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa (H. Ettl et al., eds.). Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 468 p.
Lange-Bertalot, H. 2001. Diatoms of Europe. Diatoms of the European Inland Waters and Comparable Habitats. Vol 2: Navicula sensu stricto. 10 genera separated from Navicula sensu lato. Frustulia (Lange-Bertalot, H, ed.). Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, 526 p.
Lange-Bertalot, H. & Moser, G. 1994. Brachysira. Monographie der Gattung. Wichtige Indikator-Species für das Gewässer-Monitoring und Naviculadicta nov. gen. Ein Lösungsvorschlag zu dem Problem Navicula sensu lato ohne Navicula sensu stricto. In Bibliotheca Diatomologica
(H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.) J. Cramer, Stuttgart, v. 29, 212 p.
Lange-Bertalot, H., Külbs, K., Lauser, T., Nörpel-Schempp, M. & Willmann, M. 1996. Diatom taxa introduced by Georg Krasske – documentation and revision. In Iconographia Diatomologica. Annotated diatoms micrographs
(H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein v. 3, 358 p.
Lange-Bertalot, H., Bak, M. & Witkowski, A. 2011. Diatoms of Europe. Diatoms of the European Inland Water and Comparable Habitats. Vol 6: Eunotia and some related genera (H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). Gantner Verlag,
Ruggell, 747 p.
Laudares-Silva, R. 1987. Eico das diatomáceas (Bacillariophyceae) coletadas no arroio do Faxinal (Sanga de Água Boa), Torres, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Insula, 17: 3-176.
Levkov, Z. Lobo, E.A. & Bender, P. 1998. Aplicabilidade de sistemas de sapróbios para a avaliação da qualidade de águas correntes fortemente poluídas no sul do Brasil, utilizando diatomáceas. In Anais do IV Congresso Latino Americano de Ficologia, 1996. Minas Gerais, p. 401-422.
Lobo, E.A., Callegaro, V.L.M., Oliveira, M.A., Salomoni, S.E., Schuler, S. & Asai, K. 1996. Pollution tolerant diatoms from lotic systems in the Jacui Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 47: 45-72.
Lobo, E.A. & Costa, A.B. 1997. Estudo da qualidade da água do rio Pardinho, muncípio de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil. Tecno-Lógica, 1(1): 11-36.
Lobo, E.A., Bes, D., Tudesque, L. & Ector, L. 2004. Water quality assessment of Pardinho River, RS, Brazil, using epilithic diatoms assemblages and faecal coliforms as biological indicators. Vie Milieu, 54 (2-3): 115-125.
Lobo, E.A, Wetzel, C.E, Ector, L., Katoh, K., Blanco, S. & Mayama, S. 2010. Response of epilithic diatom communities to environmental gradients in subtropical temperate Brazilian rivers. Limnetica, 29(2): 323-340.
Mann, D.G & Stickle, A.J. 1991. The genus Craticula. Diatom Research, 6 (1): 79-107.
Mann, D.G., McDonald, S.M., Bayer, M.M., Droop, S.J.M., Chepurnov, V.A., Loke, R.E., Ciobanu, A. & Hans du Buf, J.M. 2004. The Sellaphora pupula species complex (Bacillariophyceae): morphometric analysis, ultrastructure and mating data provide evidence for five new species. Phycologia, 43(4): 459-482.
Martau, L., Aguiar, L. & Callegaro, V.L. 1977. Diatomáceas do rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 22: 45-83.
Medlin, L.K & Kaczmarska, I. 2004. Evolution of the diatoms: V. Morphological and ecological support for the major clades and a taxonomic revision. Phycologia, 43(3): 245- 270.
Metzeltin, D. & García-Rodríguez, F. 2003. Las Diatomeas Uruguayas. DI.R.A.C., Facultad de Ciencias, Montevideo. 207 p.
Metzeltin, D. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 1998. Tropical diatoms of South America I. About 700 predominantly rarely known or new taxa representative of the neotropical flora. Tropische Diatomeen in Südamerica I. Diversity-Taxonomy-Geobotany. In Iconographia Diatomologica (H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). Gantner Verlag, Königstein, v. 5, 695 p.
Metzeltin, D., Lange-Bertalot, H. & García-Rodríguez, F. 2005. Monnier, O., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Bertrand, J. 2003. Nupela exotica species nova: une diatomée d’un aquarium tropical d’eau douce. Avec des remarques sur la bioéographie du genre. Diatom Research, 18(2): 273-291.
Patrick, R. 1944. Estudo limnologico e biologica das lagoas de regiao litoranea Sul-Riogradense. II. Some new diatoms from the Lagoa dos quadros. Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro. Botânica, 2: 1-8.
Patrick, R. & Reimer, C.W. 1966. The diatoms of the United States. Exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. Volume 1. Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae, Achnanthaceae, Naviculaceae. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, no 13. 688 p.
Pavlov, A., Nakov, T., Levkov, Z., Furey, P., Lowe, R. & Ector, L. 2009. Luticola grupcei (Bacillariophyceae) new fresh water diatom from Mountain Baba (Macedonia) and Great Smoky Mountains National Park (U.S.A): comparison with the type material of L. goeppertiana (Bleisch) D.G. Mann. Nova Hedwigia, 89(1-2): 147-164.
Potapova, M.G., Ponader, K.C., Lowe, R.L., Clason, T.A. & Bahls, L.L. 2003. Small-celled Nupela species from North America. Diatom Research, 18(2): 293-306.
Reichardt, R. 1997. Taxonomische Revision des Artenkomplexes um Gomphonema pumilum (Bacillariophyceae). Nova Hedwigia, 65(1-4): 99-129.
______. 1999. Zur Revision der Gattung Gomphonema. In Iconographia Diatomologica. Gantner Verlag, Rugell, v. 8., 203 p.
______. 2008. Gomphonema intermedium Hustedt sowie drei neue ähnliche Arten. Diatom Research, 23(1): 105-115.
Round, F.E. & Basson, P.W. 1997. A new monoraphid diatom genus (Pogoneis) from Bahrain and the transfer of previously described species A. hungarica & A. taeniata to new genera. Diatom Research, 12 (1): 71-81.
Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. 1990. The Diatoms: Biology & morphology of the genera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 747 p.
Ruck, E.C. & Kociolek, J.P. 2004. Preliminary phylogeny of the family Surirellaceae (Bacillariophyta). In Bibliotheca Diatomologica (H. Lange-Bertalot & P. Kociolek, eds). J. Cramer, Sttugart, v. 50, 236 p.
Rumrich, U., Lange-Bertalot, H. & Rumrich, M. 2000. Diatoms of the Andes. From Venezuela to Patagonia/Tierra del Fuego. In Iconographia Diatomologica (H. Lange- Bertalot, ed.). Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, v. 9, 673 p.
Sar, E.A., Sala, S.E., Sunensen, I., Henninger, M.S. & Montastruc, M. 2009. Catálogo de lós géneros, especies y taxa infraespecíficos erigidos por J. Frenguelli. In Diatoms Monographs (A. Witkowski, Ed.). Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, v. 10, 419 p.
Silva-Benavides, A.M., 1996. The epilithic diatom flora of a pristine and a polluted river in Costa Rica, Central America. Diatom Research, 11(1): 105-142.
Stachura-Suchoples, K. & Williams, D.M. 2009. Description of Conticribra tricircularis, a new genus and species of Thalassiosirales, with a discussion on its relationship to other continuos cribra species of Thalassiosira Cleve (Bacillariophyta) and its freshwater origin. European
Journal of Phycology, 44(4): 477-486.
Torgan, L.C. & Becker, V. 1997. Eunotia densistriata sp. nov.: a subaerial diatom from Southern Brazil. Diatom Research, 12(1): 115-124.
Torgan, L.C. & Becker, V. 1998. Eunotia itapuana, Nom. Nov. Diatom Research, 13(1): 187.
Torgan, L.C., Becker, V. & Prates, H.M. 1999. Checklist das diatomáceas (Bacillariophyceae) de ambientes de águas continentais e costeiros do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 52: 89–144.
Torgan, L.C., & Oliveira, M.A. 2001. Geissleria aikenensis (Patrick) Torgan et Oliveira comb. nov.: Morphological and ecological characteristics. In Proceedings of 16th International Diatom Symposium, Amvrosiou Press, Athens, p. 115-125.
Torgan, L.C. & Santos, C.B. dos 2006. Thalassiosira weissflogii (Coscinodiscophyceae, Bacillariophyta) em ambientes lacustres na Planície Costeira do Sul do Brasil. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 61(1-2): 135-138.
Torgan, L.C. & Santos, C.B. dos 2008. Diadesmis confervacea (Diadesmiaceae-Bacillariophyta): morfologia externa, distribuição e aspectos ecológicos. Iheringia. Série Botânica, 63(1): 171-176.
Tuji, A. & Williams, D.M. 2008. Typification and type examination of Synedra familiaris Kütz. and related taxa. Diatom, 24: 25-29.
Van Heurck, H. 1880-1885. Synopsis des diatomées de Belgique. Édité par l’Auteur, Anvers. 235 p.
Vyverman, W. 1991. Diatoms from Papua New Guinea. In Bibliotheca Diatomologica (H. Lange-Bertalot, ed.). J. Cramer, Stuttgart., v. 22, 242 p.
Wallace, J. 1960. New and variable diatoms. Notulae Naturae, 331: 1-6.
Wetzel, C.E., Lobo, E.A., Oliveira, M.A., Bes D. & Hermany, G. 2002. Diatomáceas epilíticas relacionadas a fatores ambientais em diferentes trechos dos rios Pardo e Pardinho, Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Pardo, RS, Brasil: Resultados preliminares. Caderno de Pesquisa. Série Biologia,
(2): 17-38.
Wydrzycka, U. & Lange-Bertalot, H. 2001. Las diatomeas (Bacillariaceae) acidófilas del río Agrio y sitios con su cuenca, volcán Poás, Costa Rica. Brenesia, 55/56: 1-68.
