Endophytic fungi in roots of native orchids of rupestrian grasslands (campos rupestres) in Serra do Cipó, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21826/2446-82312021v76e2021021Parole chiave:
Endófitos, Fungo micorrízico, Orquídea endêmicaAbstract
Fungos endofíticos radiculares são essenciais para o ciclo de vida das orquídeas. Muitos deles atuam como promotores de crescimento da planta hospedeira e os endófitos micorrízicos são indispensáveis a germinação de sementes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a riqueza de fungos endofíticos cultiváveis de cinco orquídeas nativas de Campos Rupestres na Serra do Cipó, Brasil. Raízes saudáveis foram amostradas e os endófitos isolados. Cada isolado teve seu DNA total extraído e a região ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) amplificada e sequenciada. A análise de 32 sequências fúngicas permitiram a identificação de 25 espécies pertencentes aos filos Ascomycota e Basidiomycota. Nove isolados pertenciam aos gêneros Sebacina Tul. & C. Tul. and Tulasnella J. Schröt. do filo Basidiomycota, que são importantes gêneros de fungos micorrízicos de orquídeas. A mesma espécie fúngica foi obtida de diferentes orquídeas crescendo em substratos distintos. A identificação molecular dos fungos indicou alta riqueza de endófitos sustentando o ciclo de vida das orquídeas em campos rupestres.
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